Indian Depository Receipt

---

---

Indian Corporate World and Capital Market have witnessed historic events this year. Two of the major events which definitely demands attention from the aspirants of Civil Services for General Studies Main Examination are the first listing of an IDR of a foreign bank-Standard Charter Bank in India. Second is the entry of Bharti Airtel in Africa. No doubt, the Indian corporate world had been buying foreign companies and name of TATA Sons companies had hogged the lime light in the recent years. However, Bharti Airtel entry into 18 African countries is an historic event in itself. In addition to that a new financial product in form of ETF is another important issue.

Any how, IDR or Indian Depository Receipt is a topic which must be included into the probable questions.

A relevant link is on Wikipedia and for that click HERE.

In addition to that, it is useful to make notes on ADR (Click HERE for American Depository Receipt) and GDR (Global Depository Receipt Click Here).

For ETF download a highly simplified PDF for NSE website. For detailed explanation from the NSE site Click HERE. A general description in pdf format can also be downloaded for which Click HERE.

---

---

---

---

Shanghai Cooperation Organization

---

---

Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)

Shanghai Cooperation Organization is an Eurasian intergovernmental organization which has mutual security one of the major agenda of their contract. Presently there are six members namely China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, China, Russia, Tazikstan and Uzbekiztan. The official languages of this organization Chinese and Russian.

Last year, Indian Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh had participated in its meeting as one of the observer. India is thinking seriously to join the organization. There are economic issues on the agenda of the organization apart from Military mutual security. India has embarked on a foreign policy of developing relations with regional economic groups in attempt to look away from Euro centric or western economic group. On the other hand, India is averse to any military organization. It had been a leader of NAM. However, SCO has one of the issue of mutual security on their agenda. But in changing geo-political scenario, the national interests are dictating to review the foreign policy. Hence, there is a move towards joining this organization.

This paradigm shift which is seen evident in the foreign policy of India is taking place at a very crucial juncture. India is an active player among BRIC, BIMSTEC and BASIC countries. Europe is the major buyer as well as the technical hub of the world. However, there are some not so good signs coming out of Euro currency based economy of Europe. Greece is facing the security bond payment crises. Similarly there are indications of financial crises coming from Spain as well as Portugal. The Germans have raised a voice to disassociate from Euro Based Economy and revert back to German Marks. The Germany Chancellor has resigned in such a scenario. Europe is a major market of Chinese goods. China is emerging a major producer in the world. In such a scenario, the developing vibes between SCO and India has become an important topic.

From that angle, SCO is an important issue to be covered.

There are two links suggested below which can be used for this topic:

Wikipedia Article

SCO : Official Website

---

---

---

---